SherbyNet - /page/wikibook/entry.mu

Micron Document

<!DOCTYPE html>

<title>Problem finding</title>

</head>

<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Problem finding</span></span>

</h1>

</header>

<p><b>Problem finding</b> is part of the larger problem process that includes <a href="Problem_shaping" title="Problem shaping">problem shaping</a> and <a href="Problem_solving" title="Problem solving">problem solving</a>. Problem finding requires intellectual vision and insight into what is missing. Problem finding plays a major role in application of <a href="Creativity" title="Creativity">creativity</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Different terms have been used for problem finding in literature including <b>problem discovery</b>, <b>problem formulation</b>, <b>problem identification</b>, <b>problem construction</b>, and <b>problem posing</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 200">: 200 </span></sup> It has been studied in many fields. Mathematics and science prefer to the term problem posing.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Processes_in_problem_finding">Processes in problem finding</h2></div>

<p>Basadur distinguished <i>problem discovery</i> and <i>problem formulation</i>; then later <i>problem generation</i> and <i>problem <a href="Concept" title="Concept">conceptualization</a></i>. Runco and Chand distinguish <i>problem identification</i> and <i>problem definition</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 205">: 205 </span></sup>

</p><p>Scholars distinguish between <i>well-defined</i> and <i>ill-defined</i> problems. Briggs and Reinig defined a well-defined solution in terms of space solution space. Pretz, Naples, and Sternberg defined a well-defined problem as one for which the parts of the solution are closely related or clearly based on the information given. Problem finding applies to ill-defined problems.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 201">: 201 </span></sup>

</p><p>Abdulla-Alabbasi and Cramond reviewing the literature on problem finding conceptualize five processes of decreasing of ill-definedness and distinguish <a href="Ideation_(creative_process)" title="Ideation (creative process)">ideative</a> and <a href="Evaluation" title="Evaluation">evaluative</a> processes. The processes are <i>discovery, formulation, construction, identification and definition</i>. <i>Problem discovery</i> is an unconscious process which depends upon knowledge whereby an idea enters one's conscious awareness, <i>problem formulation</i> is the discovery of a goal; <i>problem construction</i> involves modifying a known problem or goal to another one; problem identification represents a problem that exists in reality but needs to be discovered (such as an unknown virus causing illness in patients); <i>problem definition</i> involves modifying a problem but in a mostly evaluative rather than ideative way.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 209–211">: 209–211 </span></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("./mw/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("./mw/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("./mw/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("./mw/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><cite id="CITEREFRuncoNemiro1994" class="citation journal cs1">Runco, Mark A.; Nemiro, Jill (June 1994). "Problem finding, creativity, and giftedness". <i>Roeper Review</i>. <b>16</b> (4): <span class="nowrap">235–</span>241. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F02783199409553588">10.1080/02783199409553588</a>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0278-3193">0278-3193</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFAbdullaCramond2018" class="citation journal cs1">Abdulla, Ahmed M.; Cramond, Bonnie (2018-12-01). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciendo.com/article/10.1515/ctra-2018-0019">"The Creative Problem Finding Hierarchy: A Suggested Model for Understanding Problem Finding"</a></span>. <i>Creativity. Theories – Research - Applications</i>. <b>5</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">197–</span>229. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515%2Fctra-2018-0019">10.1515/ctra-2018-0019</a></span>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2354-0036">2354-0036</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-:0-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFAbdullaCramond2018" class="citation journal cs1">Abdulla, Ahmed M.; Cramond, Bonnie (2018-12-01). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciendo.com/article/10.1515/ctra-2018-0019">"The Creative Problem Finding Hierarchy: A Suggested Model for Understanding Problem Finding"</a></span>. <i>Creativity. Theories – Research - Applications</i>. <b>5</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">197–</span>229. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515%2Fctra-2018-0019">10.1515/ctra-2018-0019</a></span>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2354-0036">2354-0036</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;">

<ul><li><a href="Adaptive_reasoning" title="Adaptive reasoning">Adaptive reasoning</a></li>

<li><a href="Abductive_reasoning" title="Abductive reasoning">Abductive reasoning</a></li>

<li><a href="Analogy" title="Analogy">Analogy</a></li>

<li><a href="Artificial_intelligence" title="Artificial intelligence">Artificial intelligence</a></li>

<li><a href="Brainstorming" title="Brainstorming">Brainstorming</a></li>

<li><a href="Common_sense" title="Common sense">Common sense</a></li>

<li><a href="Common_sense_reasoning" class="mw-redirect" title="Common sense reasoning">Common sense reasoning</a></li>

<li><a href="Creative_problem_solving" class="mw-redirect" title="Creative problem solving">Creative problem solving</a></li>

<li><a href="Deductive_reasoning" title="Deductive reasoning">Deductive reasoning</a></li>

<li><a href="Divergent_thinking" title="Divergent thinking">Divergent thinking</a></li>

<li><a href="Educational_psychology" title="Educational psychology">Educational psychology</a></li>

<li><a href="Executive_function" class="mw-redirect" title="Executive function">Executive function</a></li>

<li><a href="Facilitation_(business)" class="mw-redirect" title="Facilitation (business)">Facilitation (business)</a></li>

<li><a href="General_Problem_Solver" title="General Problem Solver">General Problem Solver</a></li>

<li><a href="Inductive_reasoning" title="Inductive reasoning">Inductive reasoning</a></li>

<li><a href="Innovation" title="Innovation">Innovation</a></li>

<li><a href="Intelligence_amplification" title="Intelligence amplification">Intelligence amplification</a></li>

<li><a href="Inquiry" title="Inquiry">Inquiry</a></li>

<li><a href="Morphological_analysis_(problem-solving)" title="Morphological analysis (problem-solving)">Morphological analysis (problem-solving)</a></li>

<li><a href="Allen_Newell" title="Allen Newell">Newell, Allen</a></li>

<li><a href="Problem_statement" title="Problem statement">Problem statement</a></li>

<li><a href="Problem_structuring_methods" title="Problem structuring methods">Problem structuring methods</a></li>

<li><a href="Research_question" title="Research question">Research question</a></li>

<li><a href="Herbert_A._Simon" title="Herbert A. Simon">Simon, Herbert</a></li>

<li><a href="Soar_(cognitive_architecture)" title="Soar (cognitive architecture)">Soar (cognitive architecture)</a></li>

<li><a href="Thought" title="Thought">Thought</a></li>

<li><a href="Transdisciplinarity" title="Transdisciplinarity">Transdisciplinarity</a></li>

<li><a href="Troubleshooting" title="Troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</a></li>

<li><a href="Wicked_problem" title="Wicked problem">Wicked problem</a></li></ul>

</div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-06-23" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Problem_finding&oldid=1297034376">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

</div>

</div></div>

</div>

</main>

</div>

</body></html>